Vagrantで複数の仮想マシンを一度に起動させる

Vagrant

過去にVagrantで複数のOracle VM VirtualBoxを制御することを試したので記載します。
今回は以下のようなネットワーク構成を想定しました。

f:id:eno0514:20150719050018p:plain

centos01にはIPフォワーディングとIPマスカレードの設定をします。


Vagrantfileの設定は以下のように書きました。

作業環境
OS: Windows7 Home Premium 64bit
VirtualBox: 5.0.2
Vagrant: 1.7.4

VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"
Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
   config.vm.box = "centos67"
   config.vm.box_url = "https://github.com/CommanderK5/packer-centos-template/releases/download/0.6.7/vagrant-centos-6.7.box"

   config.vm.define "centos01" do |centos01|
     centos01.vm.hostname = "centos01"
     centos01.vm.network "private_network", ip:"172.16.1.1", virtualbox__intnet: "intnet"
     centos01.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
        vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id ,"--memory", "512"]
     end
   centos01.vm.provision "shell", inline: "sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1"
   centos01.vm.provision "shell", inline: "iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE"
   end

   config.vm.define "centos02" do |centos02|
     centos02.vm.hostname = "centos02"
     centos02.vm.network "private_network", ip:"172.16.1.2", virtualbox__intnet: "intnet"
     centos02.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
        vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id ,"--memory", "512"]
     end
   end

   config.vm.define "centos03" do |centos03|
     centos03.vm.hostname = "centos03"
     centos03.vm.network "private_network", ip:"172.16.1.3", virtualbox__intnet: "intnet"
     centos03.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
        vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id ,"--memory", "512"]
     end
   end

end

• Vagrantfile解説

  • config.vm.network

VirtualBoxのネットワーク設定など。

config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "ゲストOS側に割り当てたいIPアドレス", virtualbox__intnet: "内部ネットワーク名"

VirtualBoxのゲストOS同士でネットワークを繋げたい場合は、

virtualbox__intnet "内部ネットワーク名"

の記入が必要です。"内部ネットワーク名"は共通にします。

  • config.vm.provider

Provider (Virtualbox,VMware等)の基本設定など。メモリの設定は、

config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id,  "--memory",  "割り当てたいメモリ量(Mbyte単位)"]
end

のように書きます。

  • config.vm.provision

VirutualBoxの起動後に実行させる処理の設定など。

config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "実行させたいコマンド"


• 確認

$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'centos01' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'centos02' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'centos03' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> centos01: You assigned a static IP ending in ".1" to this machine.
==> centos01: This is very often used by the router and can cause the
==> centos01: network to not work properly. If the network doesn't work
==> centos01: properly, try changing this IP.
==> centos01: You assigned a static IP ending in ".1" to this machine.
==> centos01: This is very often used by the router and can cause the
==> centos01: network to not work properly. If the network doesn't work
==> centos01: properly, try changing this IP.
==> centos01: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> centos01: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> centos01: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    centos01: Adapter 1: nat
    centos01: Adapter 2: intnet
==> centos01: Forwarding ports...
    centos01: 22 => 2222 (adapter 1)
  • centos01への接続
$ vagrant ssh centos01
Last login: Sat Jul 18 18:59:53 2015 from X.X.X.X
[vagrant@centos01 ~]$
  • centos01からcentos02(172.16.1.2)へping
[vagrant@centos01 ~]$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.2
PING 172.16.1.2 (172.16.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.40 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.838 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.11 ms

--- 172.16.1.2 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3614ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.838/1.607/3.404/1.043 ms
  • centos01からcentos03(172.16.1.3)へping
[vagrant@centos01 ~]$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.3
PING 172.16.1.3 (172.16.1.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=9.60 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.942 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.977 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.985 ms

--- 172.16.1.3 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3505ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.942/3.127/9.606/3.740 ms
  • centos01から外部(yahoo.co.jp)へのping
[vagrant@centos01 ~]$ ping -c 4 yahoo.co.jp
PING yahoo.co.jp (182.22.59.229) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.ssk.yahoo.co.jp (182.22.59.229): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.ssk.yahoo.co.jp (182.22.59.229): icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=50.4 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.ssk.yahoo.co.jp (182.22.59.229): icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=11.1 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.ssk.yahoo.co.jp (182.22.59.229): icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=10.0 ms

--- yahoo.co.jp ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3413ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.081/21.941/50.473/16.629 ms
  • centos02への接続
$ vagrant ssh centos02
Last login: Sat Jul 18 18:22:55 2015 from X.X.X.X
[vagrant@centos02 ~]$
  • centos02からcentos01(172.16.1.1)へのping
[vagrant@centos02 ~]$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.1
PING 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.898 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.907 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.949 ms

--- 172.16.1.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3630ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.898/0.957/1.076/0.077 ms
  • centos02からcentos03(172.16.1.3)へのping
[vagrant@centos02 ~]$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.3
PING 172.16.1.3 (172.16.1.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.25 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.879 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.861 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.977 ms

--- 172.16.1.3 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3441ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.861/1.242/2.254/0.587 ms
  • centos02から外部(yahoo.co.jp)へのping
[vagrant@centos02 ~]$ ping -c 4 yahoo.co.jp
PING yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=19.0 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=21.0 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=19.0 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=19.6 ms

--- yahoo.co.jp ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3524ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 19.015/19.679/21.034/0.821 ms
  • centos03への接続
$ vagrant ssh centos03
Last login: Sat May 16 06:35:58 2015 from X.X.X.X
[vagrant@centos03 ~]$
  • centos03からcentos01(172.16.1.1)へのping
[vagrant@centos03 ~]$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.1
PING 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.713 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.947 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.983 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.905 ms

--- 172.16.1.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3405ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.713/0.887/0.983/0.104 ms
  • centos03からcentos02(172.16.1.2)へのping
[vagrant@centos03 ~]$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.2
PING 172.16.1.2 (172.16.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.08 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.01 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.83 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.11 ms

--- 172.16.1.2 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3432ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.015/1.262/1.833/0.331 ms
  • centos03から外部(yahoo.co.jp)へのping
[vagrant@centos03 ~]$ ping -c 4 yahoo.co.jp
PING yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=67.7 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=19.6 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=19.3 ms
64 bytes from f1.top.vip.kks.yahoo.co.jp (183.79.135.206): icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=69.8 ms

--- yahoo.co.jp ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3677ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 19.386/44.122/69.801/24.641 ms

大丈夫そうですね。

参考にして頂ければと思います。
以上になります。

参考:

vagrantのネットワークについて - Qiita
Vagrantのネットワーク周りのあれこれ - Septeni Engineer's Blog